Friday, July 31, 2020
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Thursday, May 28, 2020
Legs Get Led Astray by Chloe Caldwell - 1100 Words
Book Review: Legs Get Led Astray by Chloe Caldwell (Essay Sample) Content: NameInstructorSubject DateBook Review: Legs Get Led Astray by Chloe CaldwellLegs Get Led Astray by Chloe Caldwell is a collection of nonfictional essays that explores the authors transition from youth-hood into adulthood as a young woman, and the challenges that she faced along the way. Specifically, the books overlapping themes revolve around love, lust, longing and loneliness that individuals experience when transiting through early adulthood. The most remarkable aspect of Caldwells essays, however, is her sincerity and openness in sharing her own experiences. In a carefree manner that may make most people blush, Caldwell narrates the story of her life with astounding honesty as she traces her experiences as a baby sitter, a drug abuser, and guilt-less sexual maniac. The books title captures the subject that the author explores. Legs Get Led Astray portrays the situation in which people usually find themselves in at some point in their life; losing control over thei r lives. The authors experiences suggest that getting ones legs led astray is not just getting lost in the literal sense, but also throwing away caution in order to be adventurous and experience self discovery. Individuals learn about themselves not only by forming relationships with others, but also through own experiences. In the authors case, self discovery involved having plenty of sex with several lovers, enjoying herself in any way she can, experiencing heartbreaks, doing drugs, and living without a care or apology. The author suggests the idea that people learn about themselves by living their lives without any reservations whatsoever. She is neither worried by the possible consequences of her actions nor restricted by the values that govern society. As a result, she does not regard her sexual escapes as an immorality, but as a means of living life to the fullest. She does not deny herself what she desires, be it sexual satisfaction or the ecstasy of hard drugs. In this rega rd, Legs Get Led Astray is a representation of the uncertainties of youth-hood and the vulnerability of charting new territories in the journey of maturing into an adult. Caldwell shows that when one goes astray by being adventurous, anything can happen. Like the odds of a stray bullet hitting someone, life is a journey that exposes the individual to opportunities and risks alike. The bottom line is that leading a carefree life- getting astray by deviating from societal values- exposes the individual to may possibilities. In Caldwells case, getting astray (doing drugs and engaging in carefree sex) was a window for a greater understanding of herself. Through her experiences, Caldwell comes out as a loving, caring, and decent person. She is capable of loving with all her heart, and giving all herself to the person she loves. She writes that I am the type of person who will give anything to anyone I feel I could love (Caldwell 116). This is evidenced in the essay Yes to Carrots, where she confesses to being crazy about another womans boyfriend and even sucking his cock religiously (p. 92). This uninhibited expression of her feelings shows the extent to which her getting astray has liberated her from the restrictions of social values. She is not worried about the promiscuous nature of her sex relationships as long as she achieves fulfillment from them. The themes of freedom and sexuality connect all the essays, which the author portrays as her response to the loneliness she experienced as a youth transitioning into adulthood. Therefore, the transition phase into adulthood is the stage at which one cannot avoid getting led astray. It is the stage of self discovery, exploration, and adventure. It is the stage in live when individuals learn how to live true and well to their beliefs, as well as experiencing the joys and challenges of finding meaning in life. The metaphorical significance of the collections title comes out in that it portrays how the author slips off -course by getting into drugs. However, the point is not lost that getting astray is a necessary experience for self-discovery. It is when one is lost that he or she gets to reflect and learn about himself or herself. For the author, the sexual escapades and drug encounters were a kind of experimentation through which she rediscovered herself. For a while, the author suggests, it is inevitable to defy normalcy and societal values and learn from ones mistakes, from the experience of living as a social rebel. Her honest (and seemingly shameless) listing of the numbers of lovers she had in Long May You Run shows her search for fulfilling love. Regarding her pursuit of love, she states:But my own legs had this idea that getting on airplanes-- that walking down ramp ways with a suitcase on wheels, that running away in a sense, would help me find whatever it was that I was looking for because he made it clear to me he could not give it to me. My legs were steps ahead of me- they were thin king maybe someone I could love lived on the West Coast. What if I was in the wrong place? I had to check. My legs wanted to open widely for someon...
Saturday, May 16, 2020
Essay about Influences of the Revolutionary Era - 1587 Words
Influences of the Revolutionary Era Throughout history, there have been people that have had a tremendous effect on America. During the revolutionary era, certain individuals had an enormous presence which would heavily influence the future of the United States. Whether in politics, religion, or another fashion, the United States has been molded by the actions of numerous individuals of the past. Three highly influential individuals of seventeenth century America were Abigail Adams, the second first lady of United States; Benjamin Franklin, an innovator and political powerhouse; and Olaudah Equiano, a slave that acquired his freedom and went on to write an autobiography of his journey. Abigail Adams ââ¬Å"Abigail Adams became one of theâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦25); her letters also discuss her concerns regarding the war and the establishment of a new government, ââ¬Å"If we separate from Britain, what code of laws will be established? How shall we be governed, so as to retain our liberties?â⬠(Adams, 1775, pg. 81). Through her correspondence, she also served as an adviser to John often providing him with suggestions regarding politics. As an advocate of womenââ¬â¢s rights, she wrote to her husband requesting that he ââ¬Å"remember the ladiesâ⬠during his discussions with Congress. Having been unable to obtain an education herself, she felt that everyone, women and blacks included, should have the same rights to an education as all men. In another letter, she wrote of an incident where a young black servant had asked to attend evening school but she soon received a complaint about his presence there. Her response to the complaint was written in a letter to John: This Mr. Faxon is attacking the principle of Liberty and equality upon the only Ground upon which it ought to be supported, an equality of Rights. The Boy is a Freeman as much as any of the young Men, and merely because his Face is Black, is he to be denied instruction? (Adams, 1797, para. 4) Her letters offer a glimpse into her life during a time when the future of America was uncertain. Though personal in nature her letters also provideShow MoreRelatedAlexander Hamilton Vs. Thomas Jefferson887 Words à |à 4 PagesHamilton vs. Jefferson During the Revolutionary- Federalist Era, politics, parties, programs, policies, and people made an enormous difference in how the new nation should be structured and run. During this era, two men in particular championed politics and their respective parties. These two men were Alexander Hamilton, a Federalist, and Thomas Jefferson, a Democratic-Republican. Both Hamilton and Jefferson were successful college educated intellectuals and politicians who made significant contributionsRead MoreHow Revolutionaries Consolidated their Political Power in France During The French Revolution1096 Words à |à 5 PagesEvaluate the view that revolutionaries consolidated power: Introduction Following the French Revolution, the National Convention and Robespierre as the head of the Committee of Public Safety, employed drastic measures to achieve their goals, however managed to successfully consolidate power as demonstrated by the overall success of the revolution. Whilst the revolution itself was a momentous undertaking, nothing was quite as dramatic as the execution of King Louis XVI that was orchestrated by theRead MoreThe American Revolution: A True Revolution Essay1119 Words à |à 5 Pageswhich we still conduct our political livesâ⬠(Kerber 25) to emphasize the enormous impact that the revolutionaries had on contemporary American society. These questions and structures however do not only pertain to Americaââ¬â¢s political system and ideals; they also greatly changed American social standards and practices throughout the years directly preceding and following the revolution. This era was pivotal to the establishment of many new governmental principles- some ingenious, and others somewhatRead MoreCompare and contrast Alexander II and Alexander III Essay1139 Words à |à 5 Pagesin dealing with revolutionaries; and in his foreign policy than his son Alex III would ever be. 1855 was a tough time for Alexander II to take the throne. Russia was in the middle of a costly war which they were losing, liberals were pushing hard for reform, and nobles were in fear of losing their power. On the home front, people were looking for change, and Alexander was their best hope. In 1856, when the Treaty of Paris was signed, he gave a speech promising Russians a new era of peace. To theRead MoreThe Revolutionary Style Of Art1555 Words à |à 7 Pageswould reject the preceding art elements completely. The artist would reshape some of the former art elements and work to develop them in order to reflect the era change constantly. The era change continuously, but the subject matter in all these art movements have a similar content. The subject matter we choose to talk about is the revolutionary style in these movement and how the artist in that art manner present his ideas about the revolution in his time. Neo Classicism The Neoclassical artRead MoreThe Invention Of The Printing Press1633 Words à |à 7 Pagessources such as printed media, journals, letters and various notarized documents. Printed documents are a timeless form of communication with an immeasurable influenced, capable of reaching masses. How has print evolve into this powerful tool of influence and communication in America? To answer the question we must look to Europe and trace the origins of the technology that revolutionized printed materials, the Printing Press. Johannes Gutenberge in Mainz, Germany created the printing press betweenRead MoreCritical Commentary of Frantz Fanon925 Words à |à 4 Pagesand asking how Fanon, the revolutionary, would think and act in the period of retrogression.â⬠A complete study of 1968 and its legacies in Europe can not solely deal with events that occurred on the continent. 1968 was, in fact, a ââ¬Å"global phenomenonâ⬠; with ideas perpetrated in Europe reaching as far as Mexico, China, and India, but to name a few . The beginning of this mutualistic relationship between ââ¬Å"New Leftâ⬠groups on different continents (which spawned the revolutionary feeling which would resultRead MoreAnalysis Of Revolutionary Mothers1693 Words à |à 7 Pages Revolutionary Mothers Revolutionary Mothers: Women in the Struggle for Americaââ¬â¢s Independence. By Carol Berkin. 2005. P. 194. As we study the Revolutionary War we tend to think of the men that revolted, fought, and petitioned, but have we ever thought about what the women did during the war? In Revolutionary Mothers: Women in the Struggle for Americaââ¬â¢s Independence, we get a chance to see the womenââ¬â¢s side of the war and what they did during this troubling time. Carol Berkin shows us what each raceRead MoreDemocracy : The People, The Founders, And The Troubled Ending Of The American Revolution918 Words à |à 4 Pageseighteenth century by focusing on Revolutionary Pennsylvania throughout his work. Bouton offers an innovative and controversial perspective to history scholars and amateur historians by arguing that the majority of Pennsylvaniaââ¬â¢s ordinary white male citizens were disillusioned by the version of democracy that transpired from the American Revolution. Bouton further asserts that the origins of non-elitist disillusionment began in 1776 when Pennsylvaniaââ¬â¢s revolutionarie s waged a successful counter revolutionRead MoreGeorge Orwell s Animal Farm1255 Words à |à 6 PagesThroughout human history, tyranny and oppression have fueled the revolutionary reconstitution of society. The French revolutionary motto, ââ¬Å"liberty, equality, fraternityâ⬠can be applied in part to every rebellion in history. With these principles at heart, it only seems logical that human society should become utopian. Despite the principles, the French revolution paved the way for the autocratic rule of Napoleon. History repeats itself; George Orwellââ¬â¢s Animal Farm follows the rise of Animalism which
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
The Movement International Recognition Of The Church Of...
Rastafarianism In the 1930s, right after coronation of Haile Selassie I as emperor of Ethiopia, a religious following was started in Jamaica known as Rastafari, an Abrahamic belief.The most famous Rastafari is arguably Bob Marley, whose reggae music gained the Jamaican movement international recognition. Spiritual and moral traits vary widely within the religion, causing members to either to see it as a way of life or more as a religion. But what is uniting members across the world is the messiahship and divinity of the first emperor, Selassie. Rastafarianism does not really have an organizational structure or leadership even though it recognizes people like Marcus Garvey, Leonard Howell, Joseph Hibbert, Archibald Dunkley, Mortimer Planno, Vernon Carrington, Charles Edwards and Peter Tosh. ââ¬Å"Many elements of Rastafari reflect its origins in Jamaica along with Ethiopian culture. Ethiopian Christianity traces its roots to the Church of Alexandria, founded by St Mark, and its 5th-century continuation in the Coptic Church of Alexandria. Rastafari holds many Christian beliefs like the existence of atriune God, called Jah, who had sent his divine incarnate son to Earth in the form of Jesus (Yeshua) and made himself manifest as the divine person of Haile Selassie I. Rastafari accept much of the Bible, although they believe that its message and interpretation have been corrupted. ââ¬Å"(wikipedia) Members are currently approximately 1 million in number, all over the world.Show MoreRelatedRobotics7086 Words à |à 29 Pagesa Robot: The ââ¬Å"robotâ⬠word is firstly used by Czechoslovak author Karel Capek in his theater ââ¬Å"Rossumââ¬â¢s Universal Robotsâ⬠in 1921. In Czech language, the word of ââ¬Å"robotaâ⬠means forced labor. A robot is a re-programmable machine that is capable of movement in the completion of a task. They use special coding that differentiates them from other machines and machine tools, such as CNC. [thomasnet.com] History of Robotics: The concepts of robotics did not grow suddenly. It goes way back startingRead MoreMga Uri Ng Pagsulat5939 Words à |à 24 Pagesdemand was 0.45 centimeters.à This proved that plants do lose water when outside conditions change such as in the presence of windy conditions. When our plant was placed in the bag and the carbon dioxide and water vapor level was cut the plant had no movement of transpiration going on.à It was at this time that our plant had taken in enough water to meet the plants current water level needs.à Therefore, the stomata was closed.à The plant had no water loss to the atmosphere and so water was not taken intoRead MoreFreedom of Speech, Comparing Freedom of Expression in the Statutory Law and the Sharia Law19992 Words à |à 80 PagesUniversity of Westminster MA in International Journalism Freedom of Expression Comparing Freedom of Expression in the Statutory Law and the Sharia Law (Human Rights Act 1998 of The British law as an exemplar) Dissertation Submitted for The MA Degree in International Journalism University of Westminster By Motasem Ahmed Dalloul Copyright (2012), University of Westminster and Motasem Ahmed Dalloul Introduction Getting in touch with media law during the first semesterRead MoreMarketing Mix of Add Gel Pens Ltd9388 Words à |à 38 Pagesexclusive market for the product. 4) Advertisement and publicity: Branding helps advertising, display and sales promotion, branding and packing go hand to hands. 5) Brand preference: Branding not only gives separate identify and easy recognition to the product. But it also creates special brand preference and brand loyalty. 6) Brand patronage: Development of loyal customers, acting as talking advertisement and repeated buyers if the greatest reason in favor of branding. 7) ExpandingRead MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words à |à 99 Pagesmore advanced than cumbersome clay and stone tablets â⬠¢ Challenged by Internet on the same two fronts on which it proved its mastery over other forms of recording and disseminating information: capacity and accessibility â⬠¢ Fabled Library of Alexandria contained hundreds of thousands of books, Internet has billions of websites â⬠¢ Vast network of information on the Internet readiness and convenience with which this information is accessed is greater than thumbing through a book with the adventRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words à |à 1573 Pagesx CONTENTS Values 144 The Importance of Values 144 â⬠¢ Terminal versus Instrumental Values 144 â⬠¢ Generational Values 145 Linking an Individualââ¬â¢s Personality and Values to the Workplace 148 Personââ¬âJob Fit 148 â⬠¢ Personââ¬âOrganization Fit 150 International Values 150 Summary and Implications for Managers 154 S A L Self-Assessment Library Am I a Narcissist? 132 Myth or Science? Personality Predicts the Performance of Entrepreneurs 142 glOBalization! The Right Personality for a Global WorkplaceRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words à |à 1056 PagesWorkforce Diversity 10 The Workforce Today 10 DID YOU KNOW?: Chief Diversity Officer 11 How Diversity Affects HRM 11 WORKPLACE ISSUES: Diversity Awareness 12 What Is a Work/Life Balance? 12 DID YOU KNOW?: Looking at the Future of HRM 13 DID YOU KNOW?: International Diversity 14 The Labor Supply 14 Do We Have a Shortage of Skilled Labor? 14 Why Do Organizations Lay Off Employees during Shortages? 15 How Do Organizations Balance Labor Supply? 15 Issues Contingent Workers Create for HRM 16 Continuous ImprovementRead MoreInformation Technology Implementation Issues: an Analysis45771 Words à |à 184 PagesManagement (IRM) and Management Information Systems (MIS) schools of thought, which provide a management philosophy purporting that information is a crucial asset in the ultimate success of an 9 International City Management Association, (1989) Local Government Yearbook: 1989. Washington, D.C.: International City Management Association. 10 Ward, John (1995). Principals of Information Systems Management. New York, NY: Routledge. Introduction organization and as such should be managed rigorouslyRead MoreEssay Paper84499 Words à |à 338 Pagesand sense of wellness, satisfying physical needs through a healthy lifestyle. (2) The material state centers on essential needs such as shelter, food, and financial resources. (3) The mental state centers on basic needs to learn, grow, achieve recognition, and be accepted. (4) The spiritual state centers on a personââ¬â¢s religious/philosophical needs, providing powerful support for values, morals, strength of character, and endurance in difficult and dangerous circumstances. 3ââ¬â4. The Well-being framework
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Elizabethanfood Essay Example For Students
Elizabethanfood Essay FoodsFor the well to do, eating during the Elizabethan and Jacobean periods was a fancy affair. A king or queen when going abroad could expect banquet tables filled with hundreds of dishesfor just one meal! There was much pageantry and entertainment. At Leicester, Queen Elizabeth I (predecessor of King James VI I) were greeted with a pageant of welcome displayed on a temporary bridge. There were cages of live birdsbitterns, curlews, hernshaws and godwits. One pillar held great silver bowls piled with apples, pears, cherries, walnuts and filberts. Other pillars held ears of wheat, oats and barley, gigantic bunches of red and white grapes, great livery pots of claret and white wine, sea fish in quantity laying upon fresh grass, and the last pillar was devoted to the arts. There were arms and music explained by a blue-clad poet. The evenings were marked by entertainments of various sorts like a water pageant with a costumed actor riding in on a dolphin. The food was brought in thousand s of crystal and silver dishes served by dozens, sometimes hundreds, of gentlemen. Rich Elizabethans dined twice a daybreakfast at eleven or twelve and supper between five and six. Of course, the meals of the common man were not so extravagant. The common man ate three meals a day: breakfast in the early am, dinner at twelve and supper at six. The poorer sort supped when they could. A poem by Thomas Tusser gives a good idea of the break fast of the typical farmer: Call Servants to breakfast, by daystar appear, a snatch to wake fellows, but tarry not here. Let Housewife be carver, let pottage be eat, a dishful each one with a morsel of meat. Rich Elizabethans loved hospitality and had chronic guests. In following the old custom, they gathered in the Great Hall where the host sat at the head of the table and guests were arranged in order of importance. Food was prepared in vast quantities and what was left over gone to servants. After the servants ate, the remaining food was given to the poor who waited outside the rich mens gatesreminds one of Lazarus and the rich man. Kitchen Equipment: brick ovens, working table, spits, pots, posnetts, chafing-dishes, graters, mortars and pestles, boilers, knives, cleavers axes, dripping-pans, pot-racks, pot-hooks, gridirons, frying pans, sieves, kneading troughs, fire shovels, barrels, tubs, pantry, buttery (wine and other provisions stored here), wet and dry larders, spicery, mealhouse sieving or bolting house, coals kep in squillerie along with brass pots and pans, pewter vessels and herbs, covered dishes, court cupboard, sideboards. Drinking vessels: gold, silver, pewter, horn, lea ther, glass, earthenware. Meat: beef, mutton, lamb, veal, kid, port, coney, pig, venison, fish (sometimes saltedpike, salmon, haddock, gurnard, tench, sturgeon, conger-eels, carp, lampreys, chines of salmon, perch, white herring, shrimp, pilchards, mackerel, oysters), sausage, eggs, sheeps feet, meat pies. Due to lack of refrigeration, techniques for preparing spoiled meatvinegar, burying, sauces, spices. Cheese Fowl domestic and wildcrane, bitter, swan, brant, lark, plover, quail, teal, widgeon, mallard, shelldrake, shoveller, peewit, scamen, knot, olicet, dun bird, partridge, pheasant, sparrows, doves, pigeons, cocks, hens, geese, ducks, peacocks of the Ind, turkeys, pelican, blackbirds,. Vegetables beans, turnips, greens, parsnips, carrots, cabbage, colewart, beetroot, salsify, artichokes, asparagus, peas, salads, lettuce, onions, leeks, pumpkins, melon, cucumbers, skirret, horseradish, gourds, olives, potatoes, yams. Herbs: chervil, young sow thistle, corn salad, leaves of clary , spotted cowslip. Bread wheat, white, rye, barley. In times of dearth bread made of horse-corn, peas, beans, oats, tares, lentils, acorns. Fruit oranges, cherries, rasberries, strawberries, mulberries, peaches, apricots, cornels, currants, raisins, lemons, gooseberry, plums, pears, apples, grapes. Sweets custard, jellies, eringoes, comfits, suckets, codinac, marmalade, cakes, pastries, sugar bread, gingerbread, flan, seed cake, pudding, mincepies, sugar, honey. Drinks stale ale, spirits, milk, buttermilk, whey. Tea and coffee were unknown until well into the 1600s.
Friday, April 17, 2020
What are the main features of British conservatism, and how have these features changed from one conservative leader to another Essay Example
What are the main features of British conservatism, and how have these features changed from one conservative leader to another? Essay Given that the Conservative Party is the oldest political establishment in Britain, a study of its history and evolution will reflect broader socio-economic changes. From the earliest days of parliamentary democracy in Britain to the current modern polity, the Conservative Party has withstood many upheavals and challenges. This essay attempts to identity the main features of British conservatism by way of studying its primary political representative that is the Conservative Party, the implication being that not all policies of the Conservative Party have been consistent with the theme of British conservatism and vice versa. Conservatives have never been known to support universal health care. The reluctance of the Conservative party to support an efficient and public funded healthcare system remains one of its major criticisms. Conservatism in Britain is also associated with staunch nationalism and the concept of ââ¬Å"one-nationâ⬠. The Tory partyââ¬â¢s attempts to rejuvenate its electoral prospects have taken the form of party brochures and propaganda literature. The ââ¬Å"Renewing One Nationâ⬠campaign under the leadership of Stanley Kalms may not have persuaded the electorate, but it nevertheless brought to light the other recurrent theme of Conservative ideology in Britainââ¬â that of its links with Christian organizations. Even if official Conservative rhetoric makes mention of the virtues of separating State and Church, it is one of the open secrets in British polity that the Conservative Party patronizes Christian faith and at elections expects a return favour. This expla ins why the Tories have failed to win the trust of the growing numbers of religious and ethnic minorities in the country (Coxall Robins, 2003). We will write a custom essay sample on What are the main features of British conservatism, and how have these features changed from one conservative leader to another? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on What are the main features of British conservatism, and how have these features changed from one conservative leader to another? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on What are the main features of British conservatism, and how have these features changed from one conservative leader to another? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Yet, in spite of the apparent rigidity in Conservative ideology, the party has shown some flexibility at crucial junctures in the nationââ¬â¢s history. While the ââ¬Å"one nationâ⬠policy and its attendant policies of social reform and limited economic planning were significant factors in the Toriesââ¬â¢ consistent electoral success for most part of the twentieth century, the partyââ¬â¢s policy framework had also shown signs of malleability: ââ¬Å"When Winston Churchill lost power in 1945, he quickly called on people such as Rab Butler to devise an inclusive, socially reformist postwar policy agenda. The result was a drastically reduced Labour majority in 1950 and a Tory election victory in 1951. In the two subsequent elections, the Conservatives, led by men who believed in the partyââ¬â¢s national responsibility and who abhorred the right-wing narrow-mindedness of some of the partyââ¬â¢s activists, increased their share of the vote to margins that Margaret Thatcher would only be able to dream of.â⬠(Porter, 1999) In assessing Britainââ¬â¢s performance in the decade of Conservative party rule in the 1950s, two prominent themes emerge as the backbone of British identity. The first is a symbolic one, that of the triumph over Nazi Germany in 1945. While Britainââ¬â¢s days of imperial glory had come to an end by then, it had other prospects to look forward to, namely the prosperity and standard of living of its people. During the 1950s and early 1960s, the British people saw a ââ¬Å"sustained improvement in welfare provision, even after Labour gave way to the Conservatives in 1951. So, too, did the rising level of personal prosperity culminating in a `great leap forwardââ¬â¢ into affluence at the end of the 1950s.â⬠This is all the more commendable when seen in light of the fact that social welfare is not usually associated with British Conservatism. Indeed the Tory government in the 1950s had admirably ââ¬Å"balanced the often conflicting priorities of `welfareââ¬â¢ and `g reatnessââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬ (Porter, 1999). But some commentators are of the view that in the trade-off between ââ¬Ëwelfareââ¬â¢ and ââ¬Ëgreatnessââ¬â¢, it was the former that had emerged the stronger. In other words, ââ¬Å"if welfare, broadly defined, was prioritised, was it really such an undesirable outcome? Britain may have lost an empire but there are many who would ask whether this was a morally defensible or economically advantageous arrangement anywayâ⬠(Clarke, 2004). The 13 years of Conservative party rule from 1951 to 1964 are crucial to any assessment of the nation past the Second World War period. For Tory governments of this period, headed first by Winston Churchill and later by Eden, Macmillan and Home, the primary issue was to cope with the reduced stature of Britain in the new global order to go with the rising expectations of Britons at home ââ¬Å"as people began to regard welfare as a right and affluence as a reasonable expectation. In this period `the art of the possibleââ¬â¢, as pol itics was once described, required that constant attention be given to the delicate balance between external priorities (greatness) and internal priorities (welfare)â⬠(Clarke, 2004). This brings us to the most controversial of Tory leaders in the person of Margaret Thatcher. While she carries the distinction of being the partyââ¬â¢s longest serving Prime Minister, she also earned the party disrepute and growing unpopularity ââ¬â something that confronts the party even today. Even two decades after retirement from politics and party leadership, Margaret Thatcher is still being blamed for the Conservativesââ¬â¢ hiatus from power since 1997. The party has never seen three consecutive defeats in parliamentary elections as it did since 1997. Ideally, such a debacle should have led to a revamp similar to the one conducted by Rab Butler after the Second World War. But Thatcher had not only altered the common pattern of Tory governments by pursuing a new right-wing policy framework, she had also distorted the nature and image of Conservative party leadership. To expound further, ââ¬Å"for most of the 20th century, Conservative leaders were successful because, on the whole, they refused to place themselves at the mercy of their activists. Churchill, Eden and Macmillan were merely the most prominent leaders who felt uneasy with Tory activists, and instead saw their role as being to represent the aspirations and needs of the vast swathe of public opinion outside the party. This led to electoral success, and that, in turn, placated the activists. Thatcher was unusual in that she drew her inspiration from the deepest wells of Conservative activism. She carried the same, insular ideological baggage, and viewed the world through the same prism, as her constituency followers.â⬠(Kampfner, 2003) As a result, the Toriesââ¬â¢ activists found their ideal leader in Margaret Thatcher. Following Thatcher, her successors have not been able to pose any meaningful challenge to the right-wingââ¬â¢s stranglehold on policy. More worryingly, the exercise of choosing candidates for parliamentary seats, as a result of becoming an entirely local affair, ââ¬Å"has led to a much more ideological brand of MPâ⬠. Hence, under the reign of Margaret Thatcher, the liberal elements in the party leadership had been overwhelmed by the ultra-conservative grass roots supporters (Kampfner, 2003). The cornerstone of Margaret Thatcherââ¬â¢s leadership was not its compassion towards British citizens, but rather a ruthless approach to what she deemed as progress. Thatcher, more than any other leader of her party, was the most vocal in promoting capitalism and its attendant privatization. The merit of such dogmatic approach to governance is debatable but she nevertheless forced many changes in the name of progress. But Thatcherââ¬â¢s iron-fisted efforts were to leave the Conservative party and its political philosophy a legacy of disrepute. In other words, it ended up being a traumatic process ââ¬Å"that cost her the leadership and nearly destroyed her party. No Conservative leader after her has been able to slow the partyââ¬â¢s decline into a rancorous rabble. If John Major was unable to nudge it back into the mainstream, William Hague and Iain Duncan Smith fared no better in their attempts to lead it from the rightâ⬠(Coxall Robins, 2003). With ties to tradit ion broken in this way, the party had become impossible to manage. A little later in the partyââ¬â¢s history, the rise and fall of William Hague demonstrates the sort of weak leadership the party has come to be associated with in recent years. Hague, who showed a lot of promise and potential, to go along with his pleasant and amiable personality, took the Tory party into deeper chaos with his infamous speech about ââ¬Å"a foreign landâ⬠, further alienating the party from racial minorities inBritain. Coming at a critical time as it did, the speech was even condemned by the parties own backbenchers. For example,
Friday, March 13, 2020
new 10
During the late seventeen hundreds, many tumultuous events resulted in Colonial opposition to Great Britain. The conditions of rights of the colonists will slowly be changed as the constriction of the parliament becomes more and more intolerable. During the Seven Years' War England was not only alarmed by the colonists' insistence on trading with the enemy, but also with Boston merchants hiring James Otis inorder to protest the legality of the writs of assistance (general search warrants) used to hunt out smuggled goods. "let the parliament lay what burthens they please on us, we must, it is our duty to submit and patiently bear them, till they will be pleased to relieve us....". This is a very strong dictum, that in 1764, the colonists were of a submissive nature, and were weakly pleading for self-autonomy. This small fire of anger will become a huge conflagration as the rights are slowly rescinded. On October 19, 1765 the Stamp Act Congress and Parliamentary Taxation committee's passed some laws that attempted to strengthen the grip of the English crown. "I.That his Majesty's subjects in these colonies, owe the same allegiance to the Crown of Great Britain that is owing from his subjects born within the realm, and all due subordination to that august body, the Parliament of Great Britain." This statement can be used as a summation of the entire document that the Stamp Act Congress had initiated. The statement depicts the colonists has having to be submissive and servile in the view of Great Britain, this policy angered the colonists very much, and was another component of the transition of the colonists' When the Declatory Act was passed in March of 1766, many colonies were attempting to claim that they were "seceding" from "Whereas several of the houses of representatives in his Majesty's colonies and plantations in America, have of late,
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